Philippine Genocide? The Numbers Don’t Add Up

•January 18, 2016 • Leave a Comment

This is an excellent analysis by Bob Couttie that goes pretty far “into the weeds” but contains all of the possible sources of information on this difficult topic.

Bob's Histories & Mysteries

Philippine Genocide? The Numbers Don’t Add Up

(The following is based on several discussion on the Facebook Philippine American War groupi, we are grateful for the immense wealth of expertise and enthusiasm in researching this issue.)

We cannot know for sure how many died during the conflict of 1899-1902. Estimates of actual combatants range from 25,000 to 36,000 but the main controversy relates to how many civilians died during the conflict, estimates range from 200,000 to 3 million and whether those were deliberate or unintentional.

No estimate has been made in the available literature of civilian casualties during the 1896-1898 revolution nor of civilians killed by Filipino Republican forces during the Philippine-American Warii.

Census figures are immensely problematic especially when comparing the census carried out under the Spanish regime for pre-1899 figures and those under the American regime for the post-1899 period due to different methodologies…

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Oops…..I’ve Moved

•March 28, 2010 • Leave a Comment

New Address:   http://michaeldsellers.com

 

Surviving “Umiyak Pati Langit” — My First Movie (Part 1)

•March 11, 2010 • Leave a Comment

by Michael D. Sellers

Someday I’m going to put out a memoir along the lines of “Dispatches from the Trenches of Indie Film Warfare”….so along the way, I’m going to make a point of doing a post about each film–what the experience was like. This is the first installment.

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Photo: A quiet street in Quezon City, near the offices of Pacwood Media

I began my “second coming” as a filmmaker in early 1990 when I quit my “day job” (more about that in other posts) and started a company called Pacwood Media in the Philippines. Yes – the Philippines. (My “first coming” was right out of NYU film school, ten years earlier.) My day job which I quit to resume film-maing (and which I will write about separately here at some point) was being a CIA officer working out of the US Embassy in Manila, helping the government of Corazon Aquino work to re-establish democratic institutions after 16 years of Marcos’ martial law, and to work to manage the effort of the Philippine government to counter the communist insurgency by the New People’s Army (NPA) which had been going on in the Philippines in one form or another since the 1950’s. So my route back to filmmaking was to set up a company in the Philippines where a) I could raise some money because I had high level contacts and b) I could make the case to American filmmakers that they could come over and save a bunch of money because of lower costs. Remember this was just a couple of years after “Platoon”, shot in the Philippines, had won Best Picture.

For quirky reasons that were more than a little strange, it turned out that the first money I was able to get my hands on was not to produce a Hollywood picture for the international market (which was the business concept of the company), but rather it was to produce a Tagalog language Fililpino film called “Umiyak Pati Langit”, which translates roughly as “Even the Heavens Cry”.

It was a strange journey.

The journey began in August 1990 when a Filipino director, Eduardo Palmos, approached me and said he wanted to make a film for the Metro Manila Film Festival which runs every year during the Christmas Holidays. The title was “Gisinging Natin Ang Dios”, which translates as “Let”s Wake Up God”…..(we later had to ditch this title because the censors wouldn’t allow it). Now … the Metro Manila Film Fest is a little different — it’s for Filipino films only, and what happens is that they take over the entire theater capacity of metro manila, shutting out anything but the Filipino films in the festival, for 10 days straddling Christmas and New Years. This means that if you’re in Manila, there are no foreign films available during this time — just “Pinoy” films. The films are supposed to celebrate Filipino cultural values, a common complaint was that the films were selected more on the basis of box office potential than on whether or not they conformed to the “celebrate Filipino cultural values” mission statement of the festival.

I didn’t really understand any of this at the time …. so when Ed Palmos came to me with a script which in a variety of very meaningful ways really did in fact celebrate Filipino values, I was intrigued. He was certain that with this script, and with his reputation (he was a bonafide artfilm director whose earlier film Babae Sa Ulog had won awards) we would get into the festival. Moreover Ed, who was nothing if not a pitchman, swore he could do this entire movie using major Filipino stars for 3 million pesos — about $150,000 at the time. He even had an investor on board for half of it. He just needed me to come up with the second half, $75,000, and we could make the movie.

I liked the story. It was a tale of an upper middle class family whose life is thrown in turmoil when the father dies without leaving insurance, and whose lives spiral down to a point where they are living in a squatter area and only have one another to hold them together. The key character was the mother, and Ed had his eye on Philippine screen legend Helen Gamboa to play the lead. But there were a number of juicy roles and Ed said he could deliver great actors for all of them at discounted talent rates because of the nature of the film and because of his relationships with him.

So, not really having a clue how I would come up with my half of the budget, I did what every indie producer does — I said “no problem, let’s do it” and we started working it in August or so.

“Working it” in this case first of all meant going to meet Ed’s 50% investor.

As we were driving out to Novaliches, a distant suburb of Manila, Ed began telling me about who were going to meet. First, he said — don’t be put off by his size.

“What you mean?”

“Well, he’s big.”

“How big?” ”

“About 500 pounds.”

“Oh.”

Ed went on to explain. “Mang Ateng” (not his real name) suffered from diabetes and a few other ailments and as a result had gained an enormous amount of weight. He had lost one leg to circulation problems, but in spite of this — had built an empire as a manufacturer of shampoo and soap products which he had brilliantly marketed in the Philippines under the name “Australian Rain”, making it appear that it was an imported shampoo from Australia, which of course upped the value in the Philippine market. “He’s a really good guy,” Ed kept telling me as we bumped our way into a subdivision with nice houses in compounds that were an acre of so in size.

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Photo: Entrance to Greenfields I subdivision in Novaliches, where Mang Apeng lived.

It was dark when we pulled into Mang Ateng’s compound and parked behind the half dozen or so vehicles that were visible, then walked past stacks and stacks of shampoo and soap. When Ed rang the doorbell a domestic helper (odd, I started to write “servant” but years in the Philippines have taught me that “servant” is never used there, and is somehow demeaning….”domestic helper” is the Filipino way of describing it) invited us and led us through a series of rooms and finally into THE room where Mang Ateng was seated on what I could only describe as a throne. He was huge … his body seemed to sort of flow over itself — yet he was completely lucid and cheerful and in fact touchingly human and warm. And he had a lovely, clearly adoring wife who took care of him and his guests effortlessly and with the kind of warmth that Filipinos consider second nature.

More of Mang Ateng’s character came out when he explained to me why he wanted to do this movie. It was, he told me, all about the story.

The deeper story of “Umiyak Pati Langit” centers on a woman who, when we meet her, is a modern middle class wife and mother — a woman with a good heart, attractive, lovingly taking care of her husband and children. We learn that mother-in-law detests her for reasons that aren’t entirely clear at first, and when the father dies without leaving any insurance, a battle of wills ensues in which the mother-in-law refuses to help unless the mother gives over the children, and the mother refuses to give them up, grimly hanging on to keep the family together even as they family plunge deeper and deeper into poverty. Along the way we learn (and this is what drew Mang Ateng into the story) that the mom herself was from a very poor family and had “done time” as a prostitute, and in fact had been a prostitute when she met her husband. It was this cloud over her background that had caused the mother-in-law to never accept her in spite of her other good qualities.

Well – it turns out that this tale mirrored Mang Apeng’s own tale. His wife, too, had been from a poor family and had helped her family with wages earned as a prostitute, and had been rejected by Mang Ateng’s mother.

So it was personal for him. He wanted to make the movie as a gift for his wife, and as a tribute to all that she had gone through for loving him through many years and many hardships.

A few hours and half a dozen San Miguel beers later, we were back in Ed’s car, a handshake deal in place, and headed back to Quezon City – loaded down with enough shampoo and soap to last five years. It was the simplest of deals — 50/50 partners, 3 million pesos, 1.5million each (about $75,000), Ed would direct, I would produce, and Mang Ateng would be an executive producer.

Now of course — as noted before– I didn’t have my half of the money but I was confident I could raise it. And in truth I got lucky and raised it very quickly, getting it from a single source — Lito Abuevas. Lito was as quirky in his own way as Mang Apeng. An amiable non-working playboy member of an otherwise hardworking wealthy family (one of the “major” families of Manila), Lito went by the nickname “scuba” because that’s how he spent most of his time. In spite of being somewhat subject to criticism from family members for his indolent lifestyle, Lito was actually a very goodhearted person and when I pitched him the story he too seemed to like it and take it personally — and so when I said it would only cost $1.5M and we’d be done, Lito said without hesitation–“Let’s do it”.

So my money materialized pretty quickly and painlessly. In fact now, 17 films later, I would have to say that this was the easiest it has ever been for me to put together financing for a film.

But it wouldn’t stay easy.

We set up the company, put my money in the bank, and Ed started talking to Mang Apeng about getting his money in place.

Here is where things started getting a little ‘hinky’.

It turned out, Ed told me, that Mang Apeng was waiting for his money, which was going to come in the form of collections from his first film, an “Eddie Garcia” thriller that had done reasonably well. Ed gave me the math — told me what the box office had been, what the distributor’s cut should be, and encouraged me that Mang Apeng’s money was days away. I wanted to wait until Mang Apeng’s money was in — but Ed frantically reminded me that we were already in desperate straits if we were going to make the film festival submission deadline, and the entire enterprise was founded on the notion that we’d get into the festival and get a 10 day run (instead of the usual 7) during the peak holiday viewing season. I was faced with a decision to either plunge in without Mang Apeng’s money, or risk having the whole thing come off the rails. I plunged. We launched prep with just my money in place.

And my money went fast.

First — I need to explain our modus operendi. I had rented a fairly large, creaky house on Examiner Street, a major street in Quezon City in the heart of the media district, near the TV stations and most of the movie production companies. The downstairs became the office, and the upstairs my living quarters.

For day after day, Ed and I would work on casting the film, obtaining crew, and getting vendors lined up — but always it was Ed who was the public face of the operation. I had to remain in hiding upstairs because, Ed was convinced (and he was right), the minute anyone saw an American involved, their price would go up 50%. And Ed was not only trying to get them to work for their regular rate — he was trying to get them for about fifty cents on the dollar (fifty centavos on the peso?).

So I remained in hiding.

And Ed delivered. For very little money even by Tagalog film standards, he first got screen legend Helen Gamboa (think Susan Sarandon) to play the mom. He then got another screen legend, Dante Rivero (Sean Connery type) to play the dad. Janice De Belen (a young Demi Moore) came on board as the daughter, and the rest of the cast were all good, strong actors with a name in the local market. Our film starting looking like a budding blockbuster. We were all jazzed.

Meanwhile, Mang Apeng’s money kept failing to materialize.

I made another pilgrimmage out to this compound, knocked down another half dozen San Miguel’s, and gently tried to figure out what was going on. All was well, he assured me. Mang Apeng promised that he had gotten all necessary assurances from his distributor that the money would be forthcoming. If I could just keep us going a few days longer, he would be ready with is money.

By this time we were days away from the start of filming and my money was going fast. Talent fees fo rthe actors, paid in advance, accounted for almost half of the P1.5m. Then the equipment deals, also paid in advance, took another P300,000. The caterer got 50% in advance, so another chunk went there. And wardrobe had to be created, some sets and props had to be created — so on the day before we wer escheduled to shoot, my $1.5m had been drained down to about P200,000 and I was desperately in need of Mang Apeng’s money to drop.

I’ll never forget the night before the first day of filming.

First of all — as an aside but one I should mention — I had a girlfriend at this time, named Lorna, and she was 9 months pregnant and due any day. So with all the stress of the movie, we also had that going on, and she was lying in bed, her tiny frame (she was about 5’1″) blown up to gigantic proportions with the child of a 6’5″ American, and while she tossed and turned in discomfort over the pregnancy, I was tossing and turning worrying about the fix I had gotten myself into.

And then, in the middle of the night — about 3 am (our call time was 6 am so this was just a couple of hours before the start of filming), I hear a car horn, tapping polittely but incessantly ind the carport just outside the front door. I went to the window — it was a flatbead truck, the kind used for hauling goods around Manila. The flatbed was empty except for a few stray bottles of….shampoo.

Oh boy…..

I went down, opened the door.

There was Mang Apeng, sitting in a specially configured driver’s seat which took up about 2/3 of the front bench of the truck. He reached over, pushed open the door, beckoned me to sit next to him. I climbed in an looked at him and the first thing I noticed was that this huge, shapeless mountain of a very kindhearted man was crying.

Obviously his money hadn’t come in — but it was worse than that. He had just found out that not only was the money not coming in any time soon, it wasn’t coming in at all. The distributror had finally given him a complete statement of account which he was clutching in his hand and turned over to me. He flicked on the cab light and I read it — and very quickly it became clear that because of an enormous (and largely fictional, I’m sure) claim of print and advertising expenses, the distributor was claiming that nothing was owed to Mang Apeng since the distributor, under standard film financing structure, was entitled to recoup his entire P and A advance in first position, then pay himself his commission, before anything was owed to the producer.

Mang Apeng had been taken.

He apologized profusely, wished me well, then drove away.

I stood there, standing in the driveway, watching him leave, wondering how in the hell I was ever going to get out of this one when I heard someone calling to me from upstairs.

It was my girlfriend — telling me her water had just broken.

(to be continued)

Tilikum Update: Orlando Sea World Death Continues to Reverberate; Questions Remain

•February 27, 2010 • Leave a Comment


It’s been three days since Orlando Sea World Trainer Dawn Brancheau died in an incident (was it an accident or attack?) involving Tilikum, a 30 year old bull Orca who weighs 12,000 pounds and was blamed for two previous deaths. What more do we know about what happened, and why?

Ric O’Barry, the former trainer of Flipper turned activist who was featured in the award winning documentary “The Cove” is claiming that warning signs were missed and is calling for a federal investigation into posslble violation of the Marine Mammal Protection Act. Continue reading ‘Tilikum Update: Orlando Sea World Death Continues to Reverberate; Questions Remain’

Orca That Killed Orlando Sea World Trainer Had Killed Before

•February 24, 2010 • 5 Comments

Details are just beginning to surface about the tragic events at Orlando Sea World in which Tilikum, a 30 year old, 12,000 pound bull Orca, killed Dawn Brancheau, 40, a trainer at the facility. Although Sea World officials initially made statements that it was an “accidental drowning involving an orca”, detailed eyewitness descriptions suggest a more violent event, and the history of the particular whale includes previous deaths that call into question why Tilikum was not considered potentially dangerous by Sea World.

According to witnesses, Brancheau was standing on a platform near the large orca tank and had been explaining the show that was about to begin. Tilikum swam up next to her, turned on his back, and she rubbed his belly while explaining that the while was quite fond of this behavior. Witness Victoria Biniak saw the event from the viewing area and gave this description. Witness Victoria Biniak said she saw the deadly incident from a viewing area. “The trainer was explaining different things about the whale and then the trainer that was down there walked away from the window. Then Telly (the whale) took off really fast in the tank and he came back, shot up in the air, grabbed the trainer by the waist and started thrashing (her) around,” Biniak said. “He was thrashing her around pretty good. It was violent.”

Spectators were forced to leave the area immediately amidst clanging sirens and an “all hands on deck” response from all Sea World Orlando employees. However, when paramedics arrived, Brancheau was still in the tank and, upon being retrieved, was pronounced dead.

Tilikum was one of three whales blamed for killing a trainer in 1991 at Sealand of the Pacific in Victoria, British Columbia.
A man’s body was also found draped over Tilikum at Orlando SeaWorld in July 1999. Daniel Dukes reportedly made his way past security at SeaWorld and either jumped, fell or was pulled into the frigid water of Tilikum’s huge tank. An autopsy ruled that he died of hypothermia, but authorities said it appeared Tilikum bit the man and tore off his swimming trunks. In 1999, a 27-year-old South Carolina man somehow entered a whale tank at SeaWorld Orlando after park hours and drowned. Daniel Dukes, who was carrying false identification, was found dead with a bite below his waist, according to autopsy results. He was bitten by Tilikum.

(I will update this was more info becomes available. As many of you know, I’ve been involved in underwater work with dolphins when I directed Eye of the Dolphin and Beneath the Blue, and have become friends with many trainers as well as with many on the opposite side of the captivity issue. This is a tragic incident which calls into mind larger questions concerning the handling of marine mammals in dolphinariums and facilities like the one where this happened.)

Could the Bloom Box Revolutionize the Power Industry?

•February 22, 2010 • Leave a Comment

Google and eBay are among the companies that are trying out a new energy device called “Bloom Box” that will be unveiled Wednesday and could, if it delivers what its proponents promise, revolutionize the power industry by creating a standalone device that could power individual homes and businesses, replacing the traditional power grid. The device, produced by Bloom Energy, was profiled last night on 60 Minutes as part of its rollout. Bloom Energy was named one of 26 companies designated as 2010 Tech Pioneers at the World Economic Foreum in Davos, Switzerland. The buzz online for this device is significant — some even calling it the “Holy Grail of clean energy.”

The box is described by Bloom Energy as “mostly a collection of fuel cells that use oxygen and fuel to create electricity without creating any emissions. Oxygen is drawn into one side of the cell, while a fuel, such as a natural gas or bio-fuel, is drawn into the other side. The two combine within the cell and produce a chemical reaction that creates energy without any burning or combustion.”

Disney Catching Flack From Theaters for Its Alice In Wonderland Plans

•February 20, 2010 • Leave a Comment

AMC is threatening to join a boycott started by theaters in the Netherlands  and Great Britain over Disney’s plans to shorten the window between its theatrical and DVD release of the 3D pic Alice In Wonderland from 17 weeks to 12 weeks.  The theater owners fear this move will cut into their theatrical earnings.  Interestingly, this protest emerges at a time when it is Alice and Wonderland which will bump the still-performing Avatar from many of its 3D screens on March 5th.

COMMENT:  I’ve seen the Alice in Wonderland trailer 5 times and not once has there been a ripple of enthusiasm from the audience.  I really think this film is a turkey and that’s interesting given the fact that it’s the film that will push Avatar out of 3D and IMAX theaters.  What happens if it comes out, does alright on it’s opening weekend, then drops 70% in its second frame?  Normally with a picture of this magnitude there’s a guaranteed minimum run, sometimes as long as 12 weeks, and even if Avatar is doing 12-15M per weekend at that point, it would take Alice at least 3 weeks to drop that low. The answer is, probably nothing.  But I wonder if Avatar’s legs has anything to do with aMC’s willingness to dig in its heels and genuinely consider boycotting Alice?

Tiger Lays a Foundation?

•February 19, 2010 • Leave a Comment

I’m watching Steven A. Smith lambast Tiger Woods on Larry King — “Fake and phony ….”  “He’s been lying from day one.  He says he thought he was above the rules — but today he’s circumventing the rules.  You’ve got to stand in the public eye and take questions from journalists.  He wanted to surrounded by family, friends, and loved ones.  Who does he think he is?”

I don’t agree.  I watched Tiger Woods 15 minute apology today and I’m basically of two minds about it.  First, I think it was a truly heartfelt speech and no reasonable observer could call it “fake and phony”.    I think it was clear that he wrote it himself or largely by himself, and I think it was remarkably comprehensive.   He touched all the bases — the way he let down his wife, his kids — but also his fans, his foundation, his sponsors, his colleagues, the PGA, and the sport.  I think it was important that he actually showed that he understood the transgression’s impact in so many areas.  And the pain showed and it wasn’t acting.

Jim Gray has a more reasonable take:   “I saw a different guy. shaken and uncomfortable. He didn’t display confidence. He didn’t smile once.  I didn’t see that glint of determination in his eyes. And I saw one thing I’d never seen — a touch of humility.”  Gray also adds:  “Let’s just say this, from the news aspect, I was happy to hear Tiger say he does not use PED’s, and that there has never been any domestic violence in his marriage.  I was hoping this wasn’t a John Edwards moment, a Bill Clinton moment — that this was truthful.”

I think it was also significant that he offered some actual insight into the thought process that took him where he ended up:   “I thought I could get away with whatever I wanted to. I felt that I had worked hard my entire life and deswerved to enjoy all the tmeptations around me. I felt I was entitled. thanks to money and fame, I didn’t have to go far to found them. I was wrong. I was foolish. I don’t get to play by different rules.  The same boundaries that apply to everyone, apply to me.”  It was good that he said this, and I also think it was interesting that he brought up Buddhism and what he’s learned from it.  This was, for Tiger, letting his guard down in away he’s never done before it shows that he’s really thought about it and understands the process that got him in trouble.

So on all those levels I think it was a good start on the road to redemption.  But that’s all it was — a start.  I think he will have to appear in other forums, and answer questions, if he is to recover to the full extent he and the PGA would like him to.  If he refuses to take questions and thinks this one-time statement is the end of his public mea culpa,

What bothered me and diminished the impact of his apology was the fact that he just couldn’t resist taking swipes at the media.  He didn’t to do that.  The defiant, angry attitude toward the institution that turned him into a persona that can pretty much stop the world for 15 minutes when he makes an apology like this was inappropriate for this moment.  It should have been all about his own weaknesses; his own failures; his commitment to improve.  The swipes at the media could come later.

Please know that as far I am concerned every one of these question and answers are between me and Elin. These are matters between a husband and wife.”

Avatar vs Titanic — What Will Be the Final Outcome?

•February 17, 2010 • Leave a Comment

The last two weekends saw the Avatar vs Titanic box office derby reach a point where Titanic finally began to beat Avatar on a “same day of run” basis, and so now that this “crossover” point has been achieved, it’s as good a time as any to take a look at where the two are now, and where Avatar is likely to end up.  As of President’s Day Monday, Avatar had reached a total Domestic Gross of $666,388,502, while through the same number of days in release Titanic had reached 376,270,721.  This means that Titanic still had $225M of business to go. If Avatar could match that feat, it would land at $911M but there are factors working against Avatar getting that far.  First — Avatar’s daily gross at this point in its run (60 days in) has gradually declined from a point where it was consistently bringing in 1.5x Titanic’s daily gross — it’s now running about even and lost the previous two weekends, the first by a tiny margin, but the Valentine’s Day weekend by a more substantial margin.  It’s reasonable to think that Titanic was more of a Valentine’s date movie than Avatar, so the Titanic advantage on Valentine’s Day weekend may not be sustained in coming weeks.  It will be interesting to see what happens next weekend.

More significantly, however, is the fact that Avatar will lose all of its IMAX screens on March 5, when Alice in Wonderland is released, and then it will lose many of its 3D screens on March 19 when How to Train A Dragon is released.  Many multiplexes only have 1 screen available for 3D and contractual commitments to the new films will force Avatar off of 3D screens and relegate it to 2D showings in those mutiplexes which can only show one 3D film.

Another variable — will there be an “Avatar” bump leading in to March 5th when Fox announces “Laast Chance to See Avatar on IMAX”?

On balance, I think it looks like Avatar will easily get to $750m but after that it’s unclear how much farther it will be able to go.  I think $800M is beginning to look like the upper end of where it will end up unless there are more surprises in store.

Charlie Bit My Finger – Again! Most Viewed All Time Youtube Hit With 160M Views

•February 16, 2010 • Leave a Comment

I must be the last person in the universe to have discovered “Charlie Bit My Finger – Again!”, the all time most viewed YouTube clip, but in case there is anyone else out there who hasn’t seen it, I’m going to do my viral part and post it here.  Truly hilarious.